HASS

theories and historical interpretations about early human evolution and migration, such as the theory that people moved out of Africa and the causes of migration to other parts of the world, including Australia

theories about the causes and effects of the arrival of early First Nations Australians on the Australian continent and their migration routes across the continent

how First Nations Australians are the world's oldest continuing cultures, displaying evidence of both continuity and change over deep time

how First Nations Australians have responded to environmental processes and changes over time

the technological achievements of early First Nations Australians, and how these developed in different places and contributed to daily life, and land and water source management

the social organisation and cultural practices of early First Nations Australians, and their continuity and change over time

the cultural obligations of First Nations Australians about significant heritage sites, including ancestral remains, material culture and artefacts, and the role of collaboration between First Nations Australians and other individuals and groups to ensure cultural preservation

the different methods and sources of evidence used by historians and archaeologists to investigate early societies, and the importance of archaeology and conserving the remains, material culture and heritage of the past

develop historical questions about the past to inform historical inquiry

locate and identify primary and secondary sources to use in historical inquiry

identify the origin, content, context and purpose of primary and secondary sources

identify and describe the accuracy and usefulness of primary and secondary sources as evidence

create descriptions, explanations and historical arguments using historical knowledge, concepts and terms that reference evidence from sources

the different methods and sources of evidence used by historians and archaeologists to investigate early societies, and the importance of archaeology and conserving the remains, material culture and heritage of the past

how the physical, environment and geographical features influenced the development of the ancient society

the organisation and roles of key groups in ancient society such as the nobility, bureaucracy, women and slaves, and how they influenced and changed society

key beliefs, values and practices of an ancient society, with a particular emphasis on one of the following areas: everyday life, warfare, or death and funerary customs

causes and effects of contacts and conflicts within ancient societies and/or with other societies, resulting in developments such as the conquest of other lands, the expansion of trade and peace treaties

the role and achievements of a significant individual in an ancient society

develop historical questions about the past to inform historical inquiry

locate and identify primary and secondary sources to use in historical inquiry

identify the origin, content, context and purpose of primary and secondary sources

identify and describe the accuracy and usefulness of primary and secondary sources as evidence

describe causes and effects, and explain continuities and changes

identify perspectives, attitudes and values of the past in sources

explain historical interpretations about significant events, individuals and groups

create descriptions, explanations and historical arguments using historical knowledge, concepts and terms that reference evidence from sources

the different methods and sources of evidence used by historians and archaeologists to investigate early societies, and the importance of archaeology and conserving the remains, material culture and heritage of the past

how the physical, environment and geographical features influenced the development of the ancient society

the organisation and roles of key groups in ancient society such as the nobility, bureaucracy, women and slaves, and how they influenced and changed society

key beliefs, values and practices of an ancient society, with a particular emphasis on one of the following areas: everyday life, warfare, or death and funerary customs

causes and effects of contacts and conflicts within ancient societies and/or with other societies, resulting in developments such as the conquest of other lands, the expansion of trade and peace treaties

the role and achievements of a significant individual in an ancient society

identify the origin, content, context and purpose of primary and secondary sources

identify and describe the accuracy and usefulness of primary and secondary sources as evidence

describe causes and effects, and explain continuities and changes

explain historical interpretations about significant events, individuals and groups

create descriptions, explanations and historical arguments using historical knowledge, concepts and terms that reference evidence from sources

the different methods and sources of evidence used by historians and archaeologists to investigate early societies, and the importance of archaeology and conserving the remains, material culture and heritage of the past

how the physical, environment and geographical features influenced the development of the ancient society

the organisation and roles of key groups in ancient society such as the nobility, bureaucracy, women and slaves, and how they influenced and changed society

key beliefs, values and practices of an ancient society, with a particular emphasis on one of the following areas: everyday life, warfare, or death and funerary customs

causes and effects of contacts and conflicts within ancient societies and/or with other societies, resulting in developments such as the conquest of other lands, the expansion of trade and peace treaties

the role and achievements of a significant individual in an ancient society

identify the origin, content, context and purpose of primary and secondary sources

identify and describe the accuracy and usefulness of primary and secondary sources as evidence

describe causes and effects, and explain continuities and changes

explain historical interpretations about significant events, individuals and groups

create descriptions, explanations and historical arguments using historical knowledge, concepts and terms that reference evidence from sources

the different methods and sources of evidence used by historians and archaeologists to investigate early societies, and the importance of archaeology and conserving the remains, material culture and heritage of the past

how the physical, environment and geographical features influenced the development of the ancient society

the organisation and roles of key groups in ancient society such as the nobility, bureaucracy, women and slaves, and how they influenced and changed society

key beliefs, values and practices of an ancient society, with a particular emphasis on one of the following areas: everyday life, warfare, or death and funerary customs

causes and effects of contacts and conflicts within ancient societies and/or with other societies, resulting in developments such as the conquest of other lands, the expansion of trade and peace treaties

the role and achievements of a significant individual in an ancient society

identify the origin, content, context and purpose of primary and secondary sources

identify and describe the accuracy and usefulness of primary and secondary sources as evidence

describe causes and effects, and explain continuities and changes

explain historical interpretations about significant events, individuals and groups

create descriptions, explanations and historical arguments using historical knowledge, concepts and terms that reference evidence from sources

the different methods and sources of evidence used by historians and archaeologists to investigate early societies, and the importance of archaeology and conserving the remains, material culture and heritage of the past

how the physical, environment and geographical features influenced the development of the ancient society

the organisation and roles of key groups in ancient society such as the nobility, bureaucracy, women and slaves, and how they influenced and changed society

key beliefs, values and practices of an ancient society, with a particular emphasis on one of the following areas: everyday life, warfare, or death and funerary customs

causes and effects of contacts and conflicts within ancient societies and/or with other societies, resulting in developments such as the conquest of other lands, the expansion of trade and peace treaties

the role and achievements of a significant individual in an ancient society

identify the origin, content, context and purpose of primary and secondary sources

identify and describe the accuracy and usefulness of primary and secondary sources as evidence

describe causes and effects, and explain continuities and changes

explain historical interpretations about significant events, individuals and groups

create descriptions, explanations and historical arguments using historical knowledge, concepts and terms that reference evidence from sources

classification of environmental resources and the way that water connects and changes places as it moves through environments

the location and distribution of water resources in Australia, their implications, and strategies to manage the sustainability of water

the economic, cultural, spiritual and aesthetic value of water for people, including First Nations Australians

the causes and impacts of an atmospheric or hydrological hazard, and responses from communities and governments

develop questions for a geographical inquiry related to a phenomenon or challenge

collect, organise and represent data and information from primary research methods, including fieldwork and secondary research materials, using geospatial technologies and digital tools as appropriate

interpret and analyse geographical data and information to identify similarities and differences, explain patterns and trends and infer relationships

draw conclusions based on the analysis of the data and information

identify a strategy for action in relation to environmental, economic, social or other factors, and explain potential impacts

create descriptions, explanations and responses using geographical knowledge and methods, concepts, terms, and reference sources

factors that influence the decisions people make about where to live, including perceptions of the liveability of places and the influence of environmental quality

the location and distribution of services and facilities, and implications for liveability of places

the cultural connectedness of people to places and how this influences their identity, sense of belonging and perceptions of a place, in particular the cultural connectedness of First Nations Australians to Country/Place

strategies used to enhance the liveability of a place, including for young people, the aged or those with disability, drawing on studies such as those from Australia or Europe

develop questions for a geographical inquiry related to a phenomenon or challenge

collect, organise and represent data and information from primary research methods, including fieldwork and secondary research materials, using geospatial technologies and digital tools as appropriate

interpret and analyse geographical data and information to identify similarities and differences, explain patterns and trends and infer relationships

draw conclusions based on the analysis of the data and information

identify a strategy for action in relation to environmental, economic, social or other factors, and explain potential impacts

create descriptions, explanations and responses using geographical knowledge and methods, concepts, terms, and reference sources

the key features of Australia's system of government, including democracy, the Australian Constitution, responsible government and federalism

the characteristics of Australia's democracy, including freedom of speech, association, assembly, religion and movement

the key principles and features of the Australian legal system, including the Australian Constitution, the rule of law and the court system

how Australia's secular democracy and pluralist, multi-faith society draws upon diverse cultural origins, including Christian and Western heritage, distinct First Nations Australian histories and cultures, and migrant communities

how values based on freedom, respect, fairness and equality of opportunity can support social cohesion and democracy within Australian society

develop questions to investigate Australia's political and legal systems, and contemporary civic issues

locate, sort and organise information and data, and ideas from different sources

analyse information, data and ideas about political, legal or civic issues to identify and explain differences in perspectives and potential challenges

explain the methods or strategies related to making decisions about civic participation

create descriptions, explanations and arguments using civics and citizenship knowledge, concepts and terms that reference evidence

why opportunity cost exists as decisions are made to allocate limited resources to meet unlimited needs and wants

the reasons businesses exist and how different types of businesses provide goods and services

characteristics of entrepreneurs and how these influence the success of a business

the reasons individuals work, the types of work they are involved in, and how they may derive an income

the rights and responsibilities of individuals and businesses in relation to consumer and financial products and services

develop questions to investigate a contemporary economic and business issue

locate, select and organise information and data from a range of sources

interpret information and data to identify economic and business issues, trends and economic cause-and-effect relationships

develop a response to an economic and business issue, identifying potential costs and benefits

create descriptions, explanations and conclusions, using economic and business knowledge, concepts and terms and reference information and data from sources